Drying apparatus



(No Model.)

A. GUILLAUME- 'SSheetFsheep 1@ DRYING APPARATUS,

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3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

A. GUILLAUME.

DRYING APPARATUS.

Patented Dec. 16.1890.

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DRYING APPARATUS. y

Paalsented De. 16. 1890.

(No Modl.)

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PATENT FFICE@ ALFRED GUILLAUME, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

DRYING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part cf Letters Patent No. 442,806, dated'December 16, 1890.

l Application iiled June 7,1890. Serial No. 354.548. (No model.)

T @ZZ whom t may corr/007112,:

Be it known that I, ALFRED GUILLAUME, of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Drying Apparatus; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying dra-Wings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to improvements in drying apparatus adapted for drying ores, malt, fruit, and other materials,whereby the handling of the material is facilitated, the

Vemployment of hand labor in drying is lesscned, and a greater uniformity of results in drying is obtained.

, The invention consists in the matters hereinafter described, and pointed out in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings,illustrating my invention, Figure 1 is a plan View of a drying apparatus embodying the same. Fig. 2 is an end elevation of the parts shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a detail section taken upon line 3 3 of Fig. 1. Fi'g. 4 is an enlarged detail section of a part shown in Fig. 1. Fig.,5 is a plan view illustrating a scraping apparatus applied to the drier shown in Figs. l and 2. Fig. 6 is a detail Vsection taken upon line 6 6 of Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a detail section taken upon line 7 7 of Figs. 5 and '5. Fig. 8 is a side View of parts shown in Fig. 5. Fig. 9 is a plan view of the platform shown in Fig. 1, provided with an inclosure or cover. Fig. 10 is a sectional view taken upon line 10 10 of Fig. 9.

As shown in said drawings, A is a revolving platform or floor-section constituting the supporting surface of the drier, upon which the material to be dried is placed. Said floorsection is made alike on both sides and is pivotally supported by means of bearings or trunnions a a, located at opposite sides of the floor-section and mounted in bearings I) b upon supporting frame-pieces B B. The floor-section is preferably made of thin metal in hollow or box form and is provided in its interior with means for heating its opposite fiat sides to facilitate the drying of the material placed thereon. In the particular construction illustrated the floor-section consists of a .rectangular frame af, Fig. f3, to t-he opposite edges of which are riveted or otherWisesecured metal plates a2 d2, preferably of corrugated galvanized iron. Said plates a2 a2, forming the opposite sides of the floor-section, are desirably made of corrugated metal, in order to form channels to facilitate the discharge of Water from the material being dried. Thenever found necessary or desirable, the floorsection may be provided with ledges extending around three of its sides to prevent the material from falling therefrom.

As herein shown, the devices for heating the floor-section A consist of a pipe C of copper or other metal, Which are placed in zigzag orfcoil form within the hollow interior of the door-section and adapted for the circulation therein of steam or hot Water. Oneof the trunnions d of the .floor-section is herein shown as made of tubular form to allovtr the insertion through itof the ends of the pipe C.

Said pipe C will be provided outside of the trunnion with any convenient forni of joint or connection with the stationary supply and discharge pipes c c', adapted to allow the door-section to be turned. The connection herein shown, Figs. l and 4, consists of a cylindric plug c2, in which both ends of the pipe C are inserted, and a shell ci, in which the said plug turns and which is provided with a lateral outlet c4, with which the pipe c is connected, and with a stufling-box ci in alignment with the central axis of the plug c2, one end of the pipe C being arranged to open into the shell c3, so as to communicate With the outlet c4, and the other end of said pipe being carried through the shell and inserted in the stuffing-box, within which it is connected with the pipe C by means of annular contactfaces in the manner illustrated. The construction described in the floor-section A permits the latter to be given a half-rotation or reversed in position when desired, thereby accomplishing the discharge of the dried material resting upon the top of the floor-section and bringing the opposite side of the floorsection into position to receive a new load or charge.

D is a ratchet disk or wheel arranged horizontally near the door-section A, said wheel being herein shown as mounted upon a bracket d, attached to a cross-beam B', which is attached to the frame-pieces B B.

IOO

E is a bell-crank'lever which is pivoted upon a bracket e, also attached to the beam l, said bell-crank lever having one of its arms located in position to engage a stop CZ', secured to the ratchet-wheel D. The other arm of said lever is connected by a pivot c with a horizontal sliding bar F, which rests upon the frame-pieces B B and is adapted to slide laterally toward and from the pivotal axis of the iioor-section A.

G G are springs applied to throw the said sliding bar F toward the door-section, said sprin gs being herein shown as made of coiled form and as placed between the ends of the beaml B and the sliding bar F. Said bar F is so arranged as to rest normallyin position to engage one end of the Hoor-section A when the latter is in its horizontal position, and to thereby prevent that edge of the floor-section from being swung downwardly. At the side of the'floor-section opposite the said bar F is located a horizontal beam H, to which are attached two movable stops or latches II H. Sa'id latches consist of short arms pivoted at their outerends to the beam H and extending horizontallybeneath the edge of the floorsection A when the latter is in its horizontal position. The latches Il H are adapted to 'swing or yield upwardly, but are held from swinging downwardly from their horizontal position by means of lugs 7L Zz, which rest against the beam Il and prevent any movement of the free ends of the latches except in an upward direction. i

It follows from the construction described that the floor-section A will be held in a horizontal position and is prevented from swinging in either direction by the sliding bar F and the latches I-I H', which engage opposite edges of the said floor-section. Said sliding bar F is,however, adapted to he drawn laterally away from the floor-section, so as to allow the adjacent edge of said floor-section to swing downwardly past the bar, while `the latches H H are adapted to allow the edge of the floor-section to swing freely upward past'them, so that the said floor-section can be turned in one direction only. The bar F is restored to its position for engagement with the edge of the door-section after the bar has been moved to release the same by the action y of the springs G G as soon as the bell-crank `lever is free from the stop df, and the floorsection, after it has made a half-rotation, will engage the bar and will be again held in its horizontal position by the said bar and by the latches H H.

In the operation of the apparatus the bar F is released at regular intervals by contact of the said stop CZ of the wheel D with the bell-crank lever E, and said ratchet-wheel may be rotated at a regular speed by any desirable or preferred form of driving-gear, instead ot' by the ratchet-gear illustrated. The said wheel is, however, arranged to turn at such speedl as to give a desired time for the drying of the material on the floor-section '7, intermeshing with a gear-wheel K.

before the latter is rotated to discharge the material.

Devices for turning said ratchet-wheel D arc herein shown as follows: J indicatesa revolving shaft, on which is secured a spur-gear Said gear-wheel K is provided with a wrist-pin Zt, which is engaged with one end of a connecting-rod L, the opposite end of which is connected with a sliding block L, moving in guides or ways ZZ. Said sliding block L is provided with a lug or projection Z, adapted to slide on a rod M. Said rod M is-mounted in guides m my,VV so that it may slide or move freely in a longitudinal direction, and is provided with two stops m m', which are secured to said rod M on opposite sides of the lug Z. Said rod Mv is connected at one end by means of a pitman m2 with an oscillating arm N, mounted concentrically with k'the ratchet-wheel D. Upon said arm N is mounted a pawl N', which engages ratchet-teeth D upon the periphery of the ratchet-wheel D. These parts are soarranged that in the-reciprocatory motion of the block L' the lug Z 4is brought alternately into contact with 'the stops m m', thereby moving the rod M and arm N backward and forward, and through the medium of the pawl N and the ratchet-teeth giving a slow rotary movement to the ratchetwheel D. The stops m m are secured by set-screws m3 m3 to the rod M, and by shiftin g said stops the arm N may be given a greater or less amplitude of oscillatory movement and the wheel may be turned faster or slower, as desired.

rlhe side of the Hoor-section A nearest the sliding bar F will commonly be loaded somewhat heavier than the opposite side of the Hoor-section', so that each time the said sliding bar is drawn back by the action of the ratchet-wheel D and bell-crank lever E the floor will turn on its pivot and thereby accomplish automatically the discharge of the material on the Hoor-section at intervals of time determined by the speed of rotation of 'the wheel D.

The Hoor-section when allowed to rotate by the withdrawal of the bar F in the manner described willnot usually resume its horizontal position, and unless special devicesare provided for moving automatically the Hoorsection until it has completed a half-rotation it will be necessary to complete the turning' of the same by hand. As herein shown, however, I have provided a special mechanism designed to catch the edge of the floor-section when the same has reached an approxi- IIO mately vertical position and throw it farther around until its upper edge is brought into contact with the sliding bar F. For .this purpose O O indicate two radially-arranged revolving arms mounted upon a vertical shaft O', said arms being so located that they will engage one .of the side edges of that part of the floor-section which depends from the trunnions. `When the floor-section is struck by one of the revolving arms, said floor-section will be thrown forward with sufficient force to insure its being carried by its impetus into a horizontal position. The shaft O is located at that side of the central axis of the floor-section nearest the downwardlymoving side of the same, and inasmuch as the weight of theload will usually carry the floorsection into a vertical position, or nearly so, when the load is dumped the depending part of the floor-section will commonly be swung at such time by the action of the load past the said shaft, so that one of the revolving arms will act upon the rear side of the floorsection to thrust the depending part of the same forwardly and upwardly. Itis obvious that if the floor-section, when swung downwardly by the weight of the load, were to stop opposite or in front of that one of the revolving arms which is moving toward the edge of the section at the time, the rotation of the arms might be stopped by the striking of the said arm against the edge of the floor-section; but this is unlikely to occur in the construction illustrated by reason of the fact that the weight of the load swings the depending part of the floor-section forward of the shaft, so that the revolving arms will approach and act upon .the rear surface of said depending part in the manner above set forth. The shaft O, supporting the arms O O, maybe actuated in any convenient manner. As herein shown, said shaft is provided with a rope-pulley O2, over which passes a wire rope Og, leading from a pulleyj on the shaft J.

It follows from the construction described that at each rotation of the ratchet-wheel D the floor-section is released, caused to swing through a half-rotation, and is arrested after such half-rotation by striking the sliding bar F, which, together with the latches Il l-l, hold the floor in its horizontal position until again released and rotated in the same manner.

In the use of a revolving floor-section, aranged as above described, in drying granular and non-adhesive materials the load upon the Hoor-section will slide or fall from the same as it is turned and will be received upon a surface or within a receptacle placed beneath the Hoor-section. If the material to be dried is of an adhesive or glutinous nature,

however, it is necessary to scrape the same from the surface of the loorsection after the latter has been reversed, and as a separate and further improvement I provide, in connection with the revolving floot-section illustrated, a device for automatically scraping adhering material from the under surface of the floor-section.

This device is shown in Figs. 5 to 8, and is made as follows: P is a reciprocating plate or frame mounted on guides or rails P P and adapted to move back and forth beneath and parallel with the floor-section A. Upon the said frame P is mounted a vertically-arranged scraper p, herein shown as consisting of a fia-t plate or blade pivoted at its lower while at the same time allowing it to swing 'or yield when it comes in contact with the under side of the floor-section in its reciprocatory movement.

Devices are herein shown for giving reciprocatory movement to the said scraper and its supporting-frame as follows: P2 is a rackbar attached to the scraper-frame P, preferably at one end of the same. Q is a gear- Wheel intermeshing with the rack-bar P2 and mounted on a shaft q which also carries a beveled gear-wheel Q. R is a shaft arranged at right angles with the shaft q and provided with a beveled gear-wheel R', intermeshing with the gear-Wheel Q. Said shaft is provided with loose pulleys rr and an intermediate pulley r2, which is affixed to the shaft. S is a second shaft arranged parallel with the shaft R and provided with a belt-pulley s,

over -which is trained straight and crossed belts s s2. The shaft S is shown as driven by means of beveled gears s3 s4 from the shaft J, hereinbefore described. The rack P2 is provided at its opposite ends with stops p2p? P3 is a lever which is pivoted to a bracket p3 with its shorter end in position to engage the stops p2 p2. The opposite end of the lever P3 is connected with a rod P4, which carries two ordinary belt-Shifters 194195, said belt-Shifters 'being engaged,respectively, with the straight and crossed belts s and S2. The said stops p2 p2 operate in a well-known manner through the lever P3 and belt-Shifters 294195 to carry the crossed and straight belts alternately upon the lixed pulley r2, and thus reverse the motion of the scraper at each limit of its movement.

Vh'ile I have shown a rack and pinion for the reversing-gear as a means of giving reciprocatory movement to the scraper p, yet the employment of an actuating device of this character is not essential, inasmuch as any other well-known or preferred mechanism Ifor giving reciprocatory movement to the said scraper may be employed with the sam effect.

As far as the features of construction in the revolving Hoor-section are concerned, other means than that described may be employed for heating said floor-section to facilitate the drying of the material thereon-as, for instance, steam, hot air, or hot water may be passed through the spaces or passages in the floor-section made otherwise than as herein shown, or an electric heating device of any suitable kind may be located within the said floor-section to impart heat to the same.

-In Figs. 0 and lO I haveshown a casing or covering adapted to surround or inclose material placed upon the revolving floor-section A, so as to coniine the heat of the floor-section within a small space adjacent to mate- IOO `rial beine; operated upon, -and to thereby facilitate the drying operation. As shown in Figs-9 and 10, T T are side plates or flanges arranged at the side margins of the licor-section A and extending outwardly therefrom at right angles to the flat sides of the same. Attached 4to the side flanges are four transverse `bars or rods T T tt. are arranged near the ends of the licor-section and are secured at the corners or angles of the said plates or flanges T T, while the `cross-bars t t are located adjacent to each other opposite the middle part of the Hoorsection. The edges t t of the flanges T T at the ends of said flanges are beveled or inclined inwardly from the ends of the floorsection, so that the distance between the rods T T lis considerably less than the length of .the floor-section. U U are doors or flaps which are hinged to Ithe cross-bars T T and which when closed are adapted to extend to `the middle of the floor-section, but which are preferably arranged to form a space or slot between their `meeting edges to allow the escape of moisture-laden air from the material being dried. The said flaps are preferably arranged to rest against the cross-bars t t, which are provided for the purpose of sustaining the inner edges of the same. V V2 are other similar flaps or doors also hinged to `the cross-bars T T and adapted to rest when closed against the end margins t t of the side plates or flanges T T, so as to close the spaces at the end of the floor-section. The said flaps U U and V V at each side of the floor-section when closed together form a casing or inelosnre over the sides of the same, said flaps in the use of the apparatus being closed at the side of the Hoor-section which is uppermost to cover or inclose the material thereon and being open at the side of the licor-section which is lowermost.

rIn order to provide a construction in the said several doors or flaps whereby the iaps at each side of the floor-section will be automatically brought and held in their open position when the side of the floorsection to which they belong is brought uppermost, so that the floor-section will be in readiness to receive its load without manipulation of the flaps by hand, I provide the following construction: The door or ap U on each side of the Hoor-section is provided adjacent to the bar T, upon which it is hinged, with an arm u, extending from the hinge of the door in the direction opposite the body of the same, said arm u being arranged to pass through a notch or recess o, cut in the adjacent door or flap V in the manner shown. \V W are chains attached to the ends of the arm it at one end and at the opposite end to the inner surface of the opposite door or iiap U at a point u which is at the same distance from the pivot of the door as the length of the arm u. Each of-the flaps U U, to which the chains NV W are'connected in the manner described, are provided with weights U2 U2, or are otherwise The bars T' T.

constructed, so that they are heavier than the doors U U. Stops t2 t2 are secured to the side plates T T in position to engage the iiaps V V when the latter are Open and swing slightly backward from a position at right angles to the face of the floor-section. sist of metal bars secured to the outer faces of said plates'T T and bent inwardly at their outer ends into position for contact with the outer surfaces of the flaps V V', the ilaps VV" being provided with notches ru yt" to allow the passage of the stops in the swinging of the saidl-iiaps V V', as clearly shown in the drawings.

The operation of the aps constructed as described is as follows: The flaps above the platform or Hoor-section being closed,as shown in Fig. l0, when the floor-section isrevolved in the direction ofthe arrow, Fig. 10, the flaps fall open by gravity when the floor-section has reached a. vertical position or has passed somewhat beyond the same. Both of the flaps U and U at the lower side of the floor-section being open,as shown in the lower part of Fig. 10, as the floor-section is reversed or turned on its pivot the flap U will move upward and will tend to fall into a closed position; but, the Hap U being heavier vthan said flap U by reason of the weight U2, said liap U will be prevented from closing by the chain NV, which connects the flaps in the manner described. Thus when the floor-section is vertical the flap which is then lowermost-to wit, the fiap U-will on account of its superior weight hold the flap U open as far as the latter can move or swing-that is to say, it takes the position shown in the Vdotted lines at the left-hand side of Fig. l0, being held from opening farther or swinging farther backward by the stop lf2. YIt follows that whenthe licor-section 'has made a complete half-turn the flap U will retain its outwardly -inclined position and the iiap U will fall backward against the stop 152, thus slacking the chain W and bringing the parts into the position shown in the dotted lines in Fig. l0. The end iaps VV having at this time closed by their own weight, the same are closed and the top doors left open ready for charging the floor-section. Then the floor-section is charged, the top doors can then be closed by hand. Vhen the,`

doors are present and arranged in the man# ner described, the scraper for removing adhering substances from the lower surface of the floor-section will be arranged to operate through the space left open by the end doors or flaps V V; but when itis not necessary to use a scraper said end doors may be dispensed with and the material discharged solely through the space afforded bythe opening of the iiaps U U.

One important feature ofrmy invention is embraced in a construction by which,in connection with the revolving floor-section illustrated, devices are provided for automatically turning or rotating said floor-section. The devices herein shown-for this purpose consist Said stops con-l IOO ITO

of the revolving arms O O acting to swing or throw the lower part of the iioor-section up# ward after the latter has been released and caused to partially turn by the Weight of the material on its descending side, in the manner above described. As far as this feature of the invention is concerned, however, I do not Wish to be limited to such revolving arms as a means ot turning the iioor-section, inasmuch as a great variety of devices may be employed for the same purpose without involving a departure from my invention.

I claim as my inventionl. A drying` apparatus comprising a pivotally-supported reversible licor-section having opposite parallel exterior receiving-surfaces for the material to be dried.

2. A drying apparatus comprising a pivotally-supported Areversible licor-section having opposite parallel exterior receiving-surfaces for the articles to be dried, and means for holding said Hoor-section in a horizontal position.

3. A drying apparatus comprising` a pivotally-supported reversible Hoor-section having opposite parallel exterior surfaces to receive the material to be dried, and means within the floor-section for heating the same.

Al. A drying apparatus comprising a pivotally-supported revolving licor-section, an upwardly-yielding catch or latch to engage one side of the door-section, and a movable or shifting stop engaging the other side of the floor-section, substantially as described` 5. A drying apparatus comprising a revolving door-section, a spring-actuated shiftin g or movable stop resting normally in position to' engage the revolving floor-section, a revolving Wheel carrying a pin or stud, and means connected with and moving said stop adapted to engage the said pin or stud of the Wheel, substantially as described.

6. A drying apparatus comprising a revolving floor-section, a spring-actuated shifting or movable stop resting normally in position to engage the revolving floor-section, a revolving Wheel carryinga pin or stud, means connected with and moving said stop and adapted to engage the said pin or stud of the Wheel, and means for actuating said Wheel, embracing an oscillating pawl and ratchet, a longitudinally-sliding rod connected therewith and provided with two adjustable stops, and a reciprocating block carrying a lug adapted to engage said stops, whereby the speed of rotation of the wheel may be changed as desired, substantially as described.

7. A drying apparatus comprising a pivoted reversible floor-section and a reciprocating scraping mechanism acting upon the under surface of said door-section, substantially as described.

8. A drying apparatus comprising a pivoted reversible floor-section and a reciprocating scraping mechanism embracing a verticallyarranged yielding scraper acting upon the under surface of said Hoor-section.

t). A drying apparatus comprising` a pivoted reversible door-section, a reciprocating scraper-frame, a verticallyfarranged scraper hinged to the scraper-frame, and springs holding the said scraper in itsvertical position, substantially as described.

10. A drying apparatus comprising a revolving floor-section having opposite surfaces to receive the material to be dried, means for heating the floor section, and a casing or housing covering the sides of said floor-section and comprising doors or flaps which may be opened to allow the discharge of material from the licor-section, substantially as described.

l1. A drying apparatus comprisingl a revolving floor-section having opposite surfaces to receive the material 'to-be dried, means li'or heating the floor section, and a casing or housing covering the opposite sides of the floor-section and embracing tWo doors or flaps at each side of the Hoor-section, said doors or flaps being hingedy at opposite ends of the floor-,section and connected by a chain, and one of the flaps being Weighted for the purpose vof holding open the other flap during the turning of the floor-section, substantially as described.

12. Adryingapparatnscomprisingarevolving floor-section having opposite surfaces to receive the `material to be dried, means for heating the loorsection, and a casing or housing covering both sides of the floor-scction, and consisting of side plates or iianges attached to the floor-section, flaps hinged at their outer margins to said flanges near the opposite ends of the floor-section and closing inwardly, and other doors or flaps also hinged tothe said iianges and adapted to close the spaces adjacent to the ends of the floor-section, substantially as described.

13. The combination, with a revolving floorsection having opposite parallel exterior receiving-surfaces and means for locking or holding said section in a longitudinal position, of means for rotating or turning the said iioor-section in discharging the dried material therefrom, substantially as described.

Il. The combination, with the revolving floor-section and means for holding the same in its horizontal position, of means for turning the door-section, consisting of revolving arms arranged to enga-ge the rear surface of the floor-section, substantially as described.

In testimony that I claim theforegoing as myinvention I afiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ALFRED GUILLAUME.

Witnesses:

C. CLARENCE PooLE, GEORGE W. HIGGINS, Jr.

IIO 

